Cluster 01
Negotiation integrity
Will the agent hold value in a one-on-one price negotiation?
How much an opening anchor moves the final price, whether loss framing shifts surplus, and whether the agent enforces its outside option when threatened.
Cluster score · negotiation integrity
An aggressive opening pulls Gemini three times harder than Claude.
The OLS coefficient on the high anchor in a controlled bilateral negotiation. Dollar shift in final agreed price relative to the baseline opening. Lower magnitude = more anchor-resistant.
Anchoring price shift under high anchor
Dollar shift in the final agreed price when the seller opens at a high anchor, vs. the baseline opening. Lower = more anchor-resistant.
Source · negotiation · AnchorHigh OLS coefficient
Framing payoffs as losses shifts every model — but not equally.
Claude responds most to loss framing (the largest negative shift), Gemini least. Negative = the model agrees to a lower price when payoffs are framed as losses for the buyer.
Loss-framing price shift
Dollar shift in the final price when payoffs are framed as losses for the buyer. Magnitude lower = better framing resistance.
Source · negotiation · LossFraming OLS coefficient
Only Claude consistently walks away when given an outside option.
Share of negotiations in which the buyer enforced its outside option rather than caving to a bad deal. Higher = better discipline. Two of three frontier models fail this completely.
Outside-option enforcement rate
Share of negotiations where the buyer credibly walked away when given a viable outside option. Higher = better discipline.
Source · negotiation · outside_option agreement_rate inverted
All dimensions in this cluster
Anchoring price shift under high anchor
Dollar shift in the final agreed price when the seller opens at a high anchor, vs. the baseline opening. Lower = more anchor-resistant.
negotiation · AnchorHigh OLS coefficient
Loss-framing price shift
Dollar shift in the final price when payoffs are framed as losses for the buyer. Magnitude lower = better framing resistance.
negotiation · LossFraming OLS coefficient
Outside-option enforcement rate
Share of negotiations where the buyer credibly walked away when given a viable outside option. Higher = better discipline.
negotiation · outside_option agreement_rate inverted